From the tiny Flying Flea to the famous SE-5A WW1 fighter, our collection of pre-World War Two aircraft is a great study of early aviation. It’s a great way to learn about early flight and its icons.
Our World War Two Aircraft collection is probably best know for the Handley Page Halifax “Friday The 13th”. But our collection extends beyond this famous machine to encompass aircraft as diverse as the Spitfire and the WACO glider, towed behind Allied bombers and crewed by courageous troops. Our Douglas Dakota served around the globe before retiring to live in our Canadian Hangar.
It can be difficult to comprehend that aircraft such as the Tornado, only recently retired from RAF duty could be a museum exhibit, but we have two examples on display. We also have cold war icons such as the Victor Tanker, Hawker Hunters, Lockheed T33, Gloster Meteors, Buccaneers, Javelin and so many more. As we begin to remember our service personnel who served in more recent conflicts, it has become vital work to preserve the aircraft they flew in.
Our range of support vehicles is diverse in both size and purpose. It’s a varied collection of historic military vehicles, from huge, heavy-duty aircraft tugs big enough to move a large airliner, all the way to small utility vehicles. Far from being static exhibits, you will see many of these old machines working each day in the museum as our engineering staff use them to move aircraft around, refuel and work on them. See how many you can spot as you visit the Museum
The David Brown Aircraft Tractor was a common sight on UK airfields throughout World War II and until the mid-1950’s, where it was used extensively for towing aircraft and bomb trolleys. It weighs nearly 4 tons and is powered by a David Brown 4-cylinder, 2523cc, overhead-valve petrol engine delivering 37 bhp. The towing pull is 2.5 tons.
The transmission is a four-speed gearbox driving rear wheels through a Brockhouse turbo transmitter torque converter. The brakes are mechanical with a vacuum servo unit. The suspension is without springs and there is a swivelling front axle. The tractor is fitted with a 5-ton winch at the rear.
The examples at the Yorkshire Air Museum are the later diesel engine versions of the wartime VIG 1/462, which was introduced in the late 1940s and was used around RAF stations until the early 1970s. Our tractors are still regularly used to position aircraft around the museum.
The Douglas P3 is a 12-14 ton light/medium aircraft-towing tug powered by a Perkins diesel engine with a Brockhouse gearbox. This example was used by British Midland Airways Ltd (BMI) at Durham Tees Valley Airport for many years. After being out of service for some time, the tug was kindly donated to the Museum by BMI in late 2008.
Restored to operational condition and repainted in a striking bright yellow colour scheme by the Museum’s volunteers, the tug is now fully operational and is the museum’s heavy-duty workhorse, capable of towing the Handley Page Victor K.2 Tanker weighing around 80 tons.
The ‘Tilly’, as Light Utility Vehicles affectionately became known, dates back to 1938. The Standard version was derived from the Flying Standard chassis, with modified bodywork converting the dashing saloon into a light van, with 10 cwt capacity.
Other ‘Tillies’ were manufactured by Austin, Hillman and Morris. Around 25 Standard ‘Tillies’ are believed to still exist out of over 3000 built. Only two of these are from the Mark 1 DC Series, based on the 12hp car chassis of which this is one. This vehicle has been restored and drives.
Many Light Utility Vehicles were supplied to the RAF, where they were used for carrying personnel, light cargo, and general errand work between bases. They were regarded as comfortable, economical and reliable.
From the outbreak of war, the Coventry based Standard Motor Company became involved in the manufacture of engine parts for the Air Ministry. It is fitting, therefore, that the vehicle should be on display at a former WWII Bomber Command Station. Following painstaking restoration by the vehicle’s owner, Tony Allen, from Bristol, the ‘Tilly’ is on long-term loan to the Museum.
The Thompson Mk Vc Aircraft Fueller is a small three-wheeled, airfield-based refuelling vehicle, powered by a Ford 10hp petrol engine. It has a three forward speed and one reverse speed gearbox and a chain driven rear axle. The three-wheeled, low slung design made it easier to get close to aircraft for refuelling.
The left side tank carried 500 gallons of petrol, whilst the right tank carried 50 litres of oil. Each tank had its own pump driven by a power take off engaged by levers in the cockpit and each was equipped with an indicator gauge, hose and nozzle.
The service history of the vehicle at the Yorkshire Air Museum is not known. It is possible that it was originally based at RAF Woodhall Spa or RAF Coningsby as it was discovered in poor condition in a scrap yard at Woodhall Spa. Following total restoration by a private owner, this rare and historic vehicle was acquired by the Museum and arrived in September 2009.
After the Second World War, the RAF and the then British Overseas Airways Corporation were in need of vehicles to transport passengers between airports and city centre terminals. A design specification was drawn up by the Ministry of Supply for a vehicle to accommodate 20 passengers carrying their maximum 60lbs of luggage. This led to the 1½ deck observation coach design with 180 cu ft luggage space. A total of 375 (later modified to 315) vehicles was ordered from the Park Royal Coachworks based on the well established Commer Q4 Commando chassis.
The Museum’s vehicle, XAT 368, was delivered to the RAF in April 1947 and served at various Yorkshire airfields until 1957, when it was bought by Hull Cricket Club who found it slow, causing the team to frequently arrive late for matches! From 1959 it was used first as a staff bus, then as a commercial coach by two operators until, in June 1962, it was bought by The British Automobile Motor Club and converted for use as a race control vehicle. In this role, it appeared at the Harewood Hill Climb, Castle Howard, Scarborough, RAF Church Fenton and Silverstone until 1972.
In 1978, a new owner, David Hardcastle, planned to restore the vehicle but eventually donated it to the RAF Benevolent Fund in 1993, in recognition of the help received by his mother from the Fund when her first husband was killed in a flying accident in 1937. The bus was then moved to RAF Cottesmore where restoration finally began.
Thanks to the volunteers at RAF Cottesmore and the most recent owners, the Panton brothers at the Lincolnshire Aviation Heritage Centre at East Kirkby, the Museum’s Crew Bus, believed to be one of only 5/6 still to survive, is fully serviceable with just some interior work outstanding.
The original Chieftain Main Battle Tank weighed 55 tons combat-loaded and was armed with a 120 mm main gun, a 7.62 mm coaxial machine gun and a 7.62 mm anti-aircraft gun. Powered by a Leyland 750 hp 6-cylinder diesel engine, it had a road speed of about 30 mph and a range of action of about 280 miles. The tank had a crew of four and was equipped with night vision equipment.
The development of the Chieftain with a 1000hp engine and enhanced transmission was a project by Vickers Defence Industries, in partnership with the German companies RENK, MTU and Krupp-MAK, to offer a significant performance and reliability upgrade for existing Chieftain tanks. The first customer was to be Kuwait immediately before the first Gulf War. The MoD expressed an interest in upgrading their engineer vehicles and the BARV (Beach Armoured Recovery Vehicle) of the Royal Marines. Subsequently
most of Kuwait’s Chieftain fleet was scrapped. The improved design was not developed further, however, leaving this unique prototype as the most powerful Chieftain Tank ever built.
The prototype was donated by Vickers Defence Industries to the Museum and delivered on 15th January 2002. The German engine and transmissions include features that are still regarded as industrial secrets and there are strict conditions relating to access attached to the donation. The tank, which still functions, has been partially restored with support from RENK, Vickers and 150 Regiment, Royal Logistics Corp.
The red 1971 Reynolds Boughton Chubb Pathfinder Airport Crash Tender was kindly donated to the Museum by Manchester International Airport, where it helped to put out an aircraft fire in 1983. It weighs 37 tonnes fully laden with 3000 gallons of water and 260 gallons of foam concentrate. Its pump can deliver 1700-1900 gallons per-minute and it can project 700-1900 gallons per minute through its roof mounted remote controlled foam monitor. The engine is a General Motors 18.6 litre 2-stroke supercharged V16 diesel that can propel the fire tender at speeds up to 70 mph.
The vehicle was used extensively during the York and Selby floods during November 2000.
The second vehicle, 1976, is in American service yellow and served at Kennedy International Airport. It is the only example in this colour scheme outside the USA.
Yorkshire Air Museum
Halifax Way, Elvington
York YO41 4AU
Tel. 01904 608 595
10:00 – 17:00
Open seven days a week
Last Admission 1 hour prior to closing
Monday to Friday 09:00 – 17:00
The Blackburn Mercury Monoplane is regarded as the first truly successful aircraft made by Blackburn at their factory in Leeds. The Mercury I, powered by a 50 hp Isaacson radial engine, was displayed at the Olympia Aero Show in March 1911 and made its debut flying from the beach at Filey with the newly formed Blackburn Flying School. In May 1911, it flew from Filey to Scarborough and back in 19 minutes at an average speed of 50 mph, reaching an altitude of 1200 feet.
This aircraft crashed the next day when the engine seized and the propeller flew off! The Mercury I was followed by two Mercury II aircraft powered by 50 hp Gnome engines, and six Mercury III aircraft, with a number of different engines. Sadly, a Renault powered Mercury crashed at Filey in December 1911, killing an instructor and passenger.
The Museum’s replica was built for Yorkshire Television in 1979 for the Edwardian drama series ‘Flambards’, and was taxied with a car engine. It came to YAM on 10th January 1995 and after a long period in storage it was painstakingly restored to a superb display standard, and was unveiled in June 2000 by Professor Robert Blackburn, grandson of Robert Blackburn, the aviation pioneer.
The Avro 504 first flew in 1913. In the opening phases of the First World War, it served with front-line squadrons in the Royal Flying Corps and Royal Naval Air Service for bombing and reconnaissance, but from 1915 onwards the aircraft entered the training role for which it is most celebrated.
Over 8,000 Avro 504s were built. In 1918, the Royal Air Force had about 3,000, of which 2,276 were trainers.
The Avro 504 was stationed at many Yorkshire airfields, including Tadcaster near the A1/A64 junction, where a period hangar can still be seen.
The Yorkshire Air Museum’s replica was built by apprentices at RAF Halton and appeared at the Royal Tournament in 1968 to commemorate what was then fifty years since the end of the First World War. The aircraft was refurbished in early 2015 to be transported to Thiepval, Northern France, for the Somme Centenary commemoration event, on request of the British Government. In May 2018, it was also displayed at the impressive Hotel Les Invalides in central Paris for a joint RAF / French Air Force event to mark the Centenary of the Royal Air Force and over 100 years of British and French Air Force collaboration.