Port Victoria PV8 Eastchurch Kitten

Port Victoria PV8

The Port Victoria P.V.8 Eastchurch Kitten was a lightweight biplane fighter with a wingspan of 18 feet, powered by a 35 hp ABC Gnat engine and armed with a Lewis gun.

For the first time in history, Britain was almost defenceless when the Zeppelin and Schütte-Lanz airship attacks began in January 1915. People had never been subject to indiscriminate bombing without warning and the Government was aware that the terror this inflicted was seriously undermining the war effort. This menace had to be stopped urgently.

As an example of their desperation, the Admiralty had an idea for a one-trip, “disposable“ short take-off, high-altitude fighter, deployed from ships patrolling the Channel and North Sea. Upon hearing the noise of a Zeppelin, the aircraft would take off from the deck of a ship, intercept the airship, shoot it down, then ditch into the sea. Hopefully, the pilot could be then be picked up by his ship?

The Royal Naval Air Service Experimental Construction Depot at Port Victoria, Isle of Grain, produced two concepts, the PV7 ‘Grain’ Kitten and the P.V.8 ‘Eastchurch’ Kitten. The P.V.8 proved to be the best and made its first flight on 1st September 1917 achieving 95 mph.

The P.V.8 was a pleasant aeroplane to fly but the 35 h.p. Gnat engine was unreliable and under-powered, and by June 1917 the Zeppelin threat had ended and the project was cancelled. In March 1918 it was packed for shipping to the USA for evaluation and that’s where the story ends. It was never known if it ever made the journey across the Atlantic.

By 2012 a basic fuselage had been storage at the Yorkshire Air Museum for over 25 years and two young French aviation design students undertaking a placement at the Museum, were able to assist the reconstruction by the Museum’s Aircraft Engineering Dept. The team was led by Museum aircraft engineers, Ray “Mac” McElwain and Brian Watmough.

It was re-skinned with Irish linen, re-tensioned then re-painted in an original RNAS scheme. A similar twin cylinder air-cooled engine was found and all the controls re-fitted, so that this 97 year-old design lived again.

Although non-flying, the “Kitten” can taxi under its own power and has been exhibited in various locations around UK for the WWI centenary commemorations alongside the Museum’s other WWl fighters. It has been extensively filmed for TV and its first live public debut took place in 2014 in Leeds City Centre for the start of the Great War Commemorations in May 2014.

In 2015 the Port Victoria P.V.8 Eastchurch Kitten was re-assembled INSIDE the Headquarters of the Royal Aeonautical Society (former home of the Duke of Wellington) near Hyde Park Corner in Mayfair, London. The Museum sponsored the 2015 RAeS Sopwith Lecture and it was quite a surprise for those attending!

Blackburn Mercury Monoplane 1911 (Replica) AH (BAPC) 130 YAM Jan.1995

The Blackburn Mercury Monoplane is regarded as the first truly successful aircraft made by Blackburn at their factory in Leeds. The Mercury I, powered by a 50 hp Isaacson radial engine, was displayed at the Olympia Aero Show in March 1911 and made its debut flying from the beach at Filey with the newly formed Blackburn Flying School. In May 1911, it flew from Filey to Scarborough and back in 19 minutes at an average speed of 50 mph, reaching an altitude of 1200 feet.
This aircraft crashed the next day when the engine seized and the propeller flew off! The Mercury I was followed by two Mercury II aircraft powered by 50 hp Gnome engines, and six Mercury III aircraft, with a number of different engines. Sadly, a Renault powered Mercury crashed at Filey in December 1911, killing an instructor and passenger.
The Museum’s replica was built for Yorkshire Television in 1979 for the Edwardian drama series ‘Flambards’, and was taxied with a car engine. It came to YAM on 10th January 1995 and after a long period in storage it was painstakingly restored to a superb display standard, and was unveiled in June 2000 by Professor Robert Blackburn, grandson of Robert Blackburn, the aviation pioneer.

AVRO 504K ‘H1968’ (Replica) AH (BAPC) 42 YAM Oct. 1994

The Avro 504 first flew in 1913. In the opening phases of the First World War, it served with front-line squadrons in the Royal Flying Corps and Royal Naval Air Service for bombing and reconnaissance, but from 1915 onwards the aircraft entered the training role for which it is most celebrated.

Over 8,000 Avro 504s were built. In 1918, the Royal Air Force had about 3,000, of which 2,276 were trainers.

The Avro 504 was stationed at many Yorkshire airfields, including Tadcaster near the A1/A64 junction, where a period hangar can still be seen.

The Yorkshire Air Museum’s replica was built by apprentices at RAF Halton and appeared at the Royal Tournament in 1968 to commemorate what was then fifty years since the end of the First World War. The aircraft was refurbished in early 2015 to be transported to Thiepval, Northern France, for the Somme Centenary commemoration event, on request of the British Government. In May 2018, it was also displayed at the impressive Hotel Les Invalides in central Paris for a joint RAF / French Air Force event to mark the Centenary of the Royal Air Force and over 100 years of British and French Air Force collaboration.